Bruxism Defined and Graded: An International Consensus
Document Type
Article
Publication Title
Journal of Oral Rehabilitation
Abstract
To date, there is no consensus about the definition and diagnostic grading of bruxism. A written consensus discussion was held among an international group of bruxism experts as to formulate a definition of bruxism and to suggest a grading system for its operationalisation. The expert group defined bruxism as a repetitive jaw-muscle activity characterised by clenching or grinding of the teeth and/or by bracing or thrusting of the mandible. Bruxism has two distinct circadian manifestations: it can occur during sleep (indicated as sleep bruxism) or during wakefulness (indicated as awake bruxism). For the operationalisation of this definition, the expert group proposes a diagnostic grading system of 'possible', 'probable' and 'definite' sleep or awake bruxism. The proposed definition and grading system are suggested for clinical and research purposes in all relevant dental and medical domains.
DOI
10.1111/joor.12011
Publication Date
1-2013
Keywords
Awake bruxism, Bruxism, Diagnostic grading system, Sleep bruxism
ISSN
1365-2842
Recommended Citation
Lobbezoo F, Ahlberg J, Glaros A, Kato T, Koyano K, Levigne GJ, de Leeuw R, Manfredini D, Svensson P, Wincour E. Bruxism Defined and Graded: An International Consensus. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation. 2013; 40(1). doi: 10.1111/joor.12011.
