Document Type
Article
Publication Title
Family Medicine and Community Health
Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the association between self-reported depressive symptoms and oral diseases in US adults, including periodontitis, caries, missing teeth and untreated dental caries.
Design
This study was designed as a secondary data analysis of a cross-sectional survey. We conducted descriptive, multivariable logistic and Poisson regression analyses on weighted data.
Setting
US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009–2014 data.
Participants
Individuals aged ≥30 years who completed a periodontal examination and depression screening (n=9799).
Results
21.6% (28.9 million) of adults aged ≥30 years reported depressive symptoms, with a higher prevalence among females, current smokers and participants with lower income and education status. More than half of the adults with moderate depressive symptoms had periodontal diseases, and more than one-third had teeth with untreated dental caries. After adjusting for sociodemographics, behavioural factors, having diabetes and psychotherapeutic medication use, depressive symptoms were associated with poorer oral health. Severe depressive symptoms were associated with higher odds of mild periodontitis (2.20; 99% CI 1.03 to 4.66). For those with mild depressive symptoms, the mean number of missing teeth was 1.20 (99% CI 1.06 to 1.37) times the average of non-symptomatic individuals; and 1.38 times (99% CI 1.15 to 1.66) among individuals with moderate depressive symptoms.
Conclusions
Depressive symptoms were associated with mild periodontitis and a greater number of missing teeth, while having teeth with untreated dental caries was attributed to sociodemographic factors. Awareness of oral health status among patients with depressive symptoms can inform both dental and mental health providers to develop tailored treatment and help patients achieve overall wellness.
DOI
10.1136/fmch-2020-000583
Publication Date
12-2020
Keywords
depression, oral health, dental caries, periodontitis, tooth loss
ISSN
2009-8774
Recommended Citation
Aldosari M, Helmi M, Kennedy E, Badamia R, Odani S, Agaku I, Vardavas C. Depression, Periodontitis, Caries and Missing Teeth in the USA, NHANES 2009–2014. Family Medicine and Community Health. 2020; 8(4). doi: 10.1136/fmch-2020-000583.
