Document Type
Article
Publication Title
Cancers
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive hematologic malignancy characterized by the clonal proliferation of myeloid precursors and rapid progression. Historically consisting of intensive chemotherapy, AML management has evolved significantly due to advances in molecular diagnostics and risk stratification. This review discusses current therapeutic paradigms in AML, emphasizing the growing role of personalized medicine across age and risk groups. For younger, fit patients, intensive regimens such as the "7 + 3" protocol remain the standard, often enhanced by targeted agents like FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) and IDH inhibitors. Older or unfit individuals benefit from low-intensity treatments such as hypomethylating agents combined with venetoclax, now considered a frontline standard of care. The use of liposomal chemotherapy (CPX-351), measurable residual disease (MRD) monitoring, and maintenance therapy further refine post-remission strategies. Emerging therapies, including menin inhibitors, antibody-drug conjugates, and immunotherapies like CAR-T cells and vaccines, offer additional options, especially in relapsed/refractory settings. This comprehensive review outlines the current landscape and future directions in AML therapy, emphasizing the transition toward individualized, mutation-driven treatment strategies.
DOI
10.3390/cancers17172824
Publication Date
8-28-2025
Keywords
CPX-351, FLT3 inhibitors, IDH inhibitors, Menin inhibitors, acute myeloid leukemia, measurable residual disease, molecular profiling
ISSN
2072-6694
Recommended Citation
Yadav S, Joshi U, Hussein G, Warsame M, Liu B, Shrestha A, Krastev P, Korsapati HR, Singh A. Evolving Paradigms in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Personalized Approaches to Therapy Across Age and Risk Groups. Cancers. 2025; 17(17). doi: 10.3390/cancers17172824.
