Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors, Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors, and Glucagon-like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists Do Not Worsen Diabetic Macular Edema

Document Type

Article

Publication Title

Journal of Diabetes and its Complications

Abstract

Aims: There are limited studies on dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 inhibitor (DPP-4i), sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2-i), and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist use and occurrence of diabetic macular edema (DME). The objective of this study was to determine the association between DPP-4i, SGLT2-i, and GLP-1 receptor agonist use and occurrence of DME.

Methods: Proportional hazard models were used to evaluate the change in hazard of developing DME associated with DPP-4i, SGLT2-i, or GLP-1 receptor agonist use. Models accounted for age at DR diagnosis, DR severity (proliferative vs non-proliferative stage), time-weighted average of HbA1c level, sex, and self-reported race/ethnicity. A p-value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: The hazard ratio of developing DME after diagnosis of DR was 1.2 (CI = 0.75 to 1.99; p = 0.43) for DPP-4i use, 0.93 (CI = 0.54 to 1.61; p = 0.81) for GLP-1 receptor agonist use, 0.82 (CI = 0.20 to 3.34; p = 0.78) for SGLT2-i use, 1.1 (CI = 0.75 to 1.59; p = 0.66) for any one medication use, 1.1 (CI = 0.62 to 2.09; p = 0.68) and for any two or more medications use.

Conclusions: We did not find an association between DPP-4i, SGLT2-i, or GLP-1 receptor agonist use and increased hazard of development of DME among patients with DR.

DOI

10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2024.108808

Publication Date

7-14-2024

Keywords

Diabetic macular edema, Dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 inhibitor, Glucagon-like peptide 1, Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor

ISSN

1873-460X

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